Letter: # 01
To: Sofie Adelung
Identify: SVK's cousin from her mother's side
Place written: Verne-Montre (possibly the city (vergne) of Montreux, Switzerland)
Date: March 2/14 1867
Original Language: German
ApproxWd: 283
Descript: A letter to the female cousin of SVK on her mother's side. SVK's father had sent the family to Switzerland in order to protect his older daughter from intimacy with FM Dostoevskii. The letter is significant as evidence of the early interest of SVK in the natural sciences. SVK has purchased a microscope and writes her cousin of her enthusiasm for investigating the cells of lowers and blood of a calf.------Sofia enthusiastically relates her work with her first microscope.

02 V. O. Kovalevsky
Sofia's husband, publicist, evolutionary paleontologist
Palibino
July 25 1868
Russian
713
This letter tells of SVK's intellectual achievements and interests at the age of only 18. The circle of friends in which she moved and from whom she received support included many young people who were to become leaders in science, law and literature, and politics. SVK's first letter to VOK (Their fictitious marriage has already been arranged.) Written from SVK's country home. She is translating Darwin from English to Russian for her future husbands publishing endeavor. She speaks of studying chemistry and math. Several of SVK's women friends, who also become prominent leaders in women's education, are mentioned as is the future revolutionary P. Tkachev. Warm feelings between SVK and VOK are evident. SVK's sister is reading Dicken's LITTLE DORRITT. SVK teases VOK about what his childhood nurse has told her of him. Brief bios of VOK, NP Suslova, MA Bokova-Sechenov, IM Sechenov, AM Evreinova, PN Tkachev will be given. A short excerpts from a letters of VOK to SVK written May 1868; July 24, 1886; and July 31, 1868,will be included giving a little more insight into the relationship of VOK to SVK. An explanation of the custom of fictitious marriages among SVK's circle will be given.---------As Vladimir requested, Sofia is translating Darwin from English to Russian. She is studying chemistry and math. She mentions friends who will become leaders in science, the women's movement and political movements. Warm feelings between Sofia and her fictitious husband-to-be are evident.

03 V. O. Kovalevsky
Sofia's husband, publicist, evolutionary paleontologist
Palibino
August 1 1868
Russian
868
SVK's already has formulated a fairly specific plan for her education abroad. Her strong attachment to her sister is evident. Her feelings for VOK are also strong. SVK entreats VOK to continue search for fictitious husband for her older sister, Anyuta. She speaks of VOK's brother and some mutual friends. SVK's studying, especially mathematics, and she's continuing her Darwin translations. She's already talking about wanting to study in Heidelberg. VOK's brother, Alexandr, is mentioned. VOK's brother was a prominent evolutionary embriologist. A brief bio of AOK will be given. An excerpt from VOK's 11 Sept 68 letter to his brother will be included in the notes.---------A search for a husband for Sofia's sister goes on. Sofia is studying math. She wants to study abroad in Heidelberg.

04 V. O. Kovalevsky
Sofia's husband, publicist, evolutionary paleontologist
Palibino
August 1 1868
Russian
617
SVK looks forward with pleasure to her new apartment and future life with VOK. She writes of happenings at the country house. She's continuing her studies. Clearly she misses VOK.-----------Sofia looks forward to a new life of study.

05 A.V. Korvin-Krukovskaya
SVK's sister Aniuta
Palibino
August not given 1868
Russian
1668
SVK voices her close feelings for her sister, their oneness of spirit. SVK describes her routine of study at Palibino and her dedication to science. She worries she may not be strong enough for a life of self denial. She is studying math, physiology, and chemistry. She's working on translations from English and reading Dickens. She dreams of her future life.-----------Sofia fears she will not have the strength for a life of self-denial. She is studying math, physiology, and chemistry. She works on translations from English. She looks forward to her future life.

06 E. F. Korvin-Krukovskaya
SVK's mother
Palibino
August not given 1868
Russian
142
A brief note to SVK's mother. Included with the previous letter to her sister. Shows SVK is trying to maintain good relations with her parents at a very trying time. Her parents, especially SVK's father, were not in favor of her upcoming marriage.-------A brief respectful note to her mother.

07 V. O. Kovalevsky
Sofia's husband, publicist, evolutionary paleontologist
Palibino
August 15 1868
Russian
936
SVK commisserates with VOK who is having to meet her extended family. She asks him to keep working on finding a fictitious husband for ANyuta. She admonishes him for not studying. She's upset with Sechenov's apparent lack of enthusiasm for her upcoming 'marriage' to VOK, and in particular his gloomy predictions for her chances of studying in Heidelberg. Not being aware that Sechenov and Bokova are romantically involved. SVK suggests Sechenov may be a fictitious husband for Anyuta. SVK describes the ability of math to carry her away from everyday problems. She worries VOK will not write her. SVK's relations with her father are very strained. SVK will send VOK a translation she's completed.------------Sofia discusses efforts being made for Aniuta's future. Sofia describes the ability of math to carry her away from everyday problems

08 A.V. Korvin-Krukovskaya
SVK's sister Aniuta
Palibino
August not given 1868
Russian
231
SVK handles the delicate situation that resulted between her and her sister because of VOK's insistance of SVK as his bride with tact and gentleness. SVK appologizes to her sister for her previous depressing letter. SVK assures Anyuta all will work out well for Anyuta's happiness.------------Sofia assures her sister all will work out for both of them.

09 E.F. Korvin-Krukovskaya
SVK's mother
Palibino
August 1868
Russian
130
SVK's concern for peasants is evidenced. At this point, SVK is still considering medicine as her course of study. She is clearly deeply moved by the peasants plight, especially wanting to offer health care for them. SVK asks her mother to hurry home and bring presents for the servants and peasant children. Clearly SVK has been involved with caring for ill peasants.----------Sofia expresses concern for her servants and the local peasants. She's been involved with their medical care.

10 V. O. Kovalevsky
Sofia's husband, publicist, evolutionary paleontologist
Palibino
August not given 1868
Russian
771
SVK notes that VOK is spoiling her. She's studying chemistry and asks him to send her a specific text. She's also been studying the structure of the eye and workings of the opthamo-scope. She and her father are still at odds. SVK asks VOK to console Anyuta concerning her upcoming stay in the country after SVK's marriage. By consulting a book of home remedies, SVK is treating the peasants who always become ill in the fall. SVK speaks of becoming a doctor. She's working on translations both English-Russian and German-Russian. She tells VOK he will have to study math. She joikingly predicts VOK will have a difficult life ahead and she is very sorry for him.----------Sofia is studying the structure of the eye. She and her father are not on good terms. She speaks of wanting to become a doctor. She's working on translations from English and from German. She encourages Vladimir to study math.

11 A.V. Korvin-Krukovskaya
SVK's sister Aniuta
Palibino
September not given 1868
Russian
756
SVK delays her wedding from Sept 11 to Sept 15, 1868. SVK and Anyuta still think an arrangement can be made between Anyuta and Sechenov. They are angry with Bokova's objections. SVK promises Anyuta she will be 'freed' by October. SVK proclaims her devoltion to her sister.--------A fictitious marriage between Aniuta and the physiologist I.M. Sechenov is being considered.

12 A.V. Korvin-Krukovskaya
SVK's sister Aniuta
Petersburg
September 17 1868
Russian
1564
SVK describes arrival in Petersburg and her apartment to her sister. Svk still apologetic sounding to Anyuta. Anyuta is doing a GFerman translation for VOK. SVK descraibes her evening at the Bokovs, where along with Bokov, Bokova and Sechenov she meets NA Belogolovii, the prominent physician, editor and friend of many of the days literary figures. She will begin sessions with Strannolyubskii, her math tutor. She plans on attending Sechenov's lectures in the morning. She lists her plan for attending lectures of other profs in anatomy and physics. She's advised to take gymnasium exam in prep for going abroad. Sechenov still against Heidelberg plan. SVK still seeking fictitious husband for Anyuta. SVK briefly describes her first lecture. VOK add a note.------------Sofia describes her Petersburg apartment. She is meeting with Sechenov's group and with a prominent literary editor. Her math lessons are continuing. She will need to take the gymnasium exam in preparation for going abroad. She describes her plans to attend lectures.

13 A.V. Korvin-Krukovskaya
SVK's sister Aniuta
Petersburg
September 19-20 1868
Russian
1968
SVK writes her sister that Sechenov and Bokova still won't be pinned down on fictitious marriage for Anyuta. SVK describes how by a crude letter she got father to agree to her marriage and assures A. for her things will go easier. SVK is very happy. SVK descrigbes in detail the lecture hall where she heard her first lecture and her meeting with the biologist Mechnikov. Asks for her books, she's preparing for gum.exam. SVK and VOK seem to be getting on very well even though they've had their first fight as VOK record in his note to this letter.----------Sofia describes how a "crude letter" got her father to agree to her marriage and assures Aniuta things will go easier for her. Sofia describes in detail the hall where she attended her first lecture. She meets the famous biologist I.I. Mechnikov. She and Vladimir are getting along very well.

14 A.V. Korvin-Krukovskaya
SVK's sister Aniuta
Petersburg
September 24 1868
Russian
1547
SVK writes Anyuta, again apologizes for her happiness. SVK relates a dream she's had about meeting Suslova and going abroad. SVK relates some facts about meeting with a woman to help find a liberator for Anyuta. SVK will need a midwifery certificate to attend anatomy lectures. SVK decides to devote more time to physics and math. She's meeting profs who are helpful SVK meets with VOK's brother and descaribes hiim in detail. AOK advises SVK if she is driven from lectures, to reenter dressed as a boy. SVK is enjoying herself.------------Sofia dreams of studying abroad. She will need a midwifery certificate to attend anatomy lectures. She will need to pass a gymnasium exam before going abroad. She wants to devote more time to physics and math. She is concerned about finding a fictitious husband for Aniuta. Sofia has met Vladimir's married brother, the biologist AV Kovalevskii (Aleksandr).

15 Yu. V. Lermontova
SVK's friend, chemist
Petersburg
January 19 1869
Russian
305
SVK write to Iulia, a relative of one of SVK's acquaintenances, inviting Iulia chance to come abroad with her. Iulia is about to attend prep courses which are opening in Moscow for women. SVK expresses hope that in one of the Peters. prep schools parallel courses for women will be offered. SVK states there are already 8 women studying in Zurich. Iulia will become a very close friend of SVK's.----------Sofia establishes a friendship with Iulia, the cousin of a Petersburg friend. Iulia is about to attend prep courses in Moscow now open to women. Sofia notes there are already eight women studying in Zurich. Sofia invites Iulia to come abroad with her.

16 Yu. V. Lermontova
SVK's friend, chemist
Petersburg
March 18 1869
Russian
526
Two letters, one for Iulia only, one for Iulia to read to her family. SVK writes to her friend that she is coming to visit her in Moscow. SVK offers to help Iulia presuade her family to let her study abroad with SVK. SVK relates student uprising at Peters. Med. Academy. As a result of the riots women are driven from the academy. SVK is upset with the rioters.----------Sofia and Iulia will meet in Moscow where Sofia will try to convince Iulia's family to allow her to study abroad. As a result of riots at the Petersburg Medical Academy, women will no longer be allowed to attend lectures there.

17 Yu. V. Lermontova
SVK's friend, chemist
Heidelberg
April 28/16 1869
Russian
889
Sofia describes in detail her attempts at gaining admission to lectures in Vienna and Heidelberg. In Heidelberg, Sofia is studying under the great men of science: Helmholtz, Bunsen, and Kirchhoff. Sofia advises her friend to brush up on her German.

18 V.O. Kovalevsky
Sofia's husband, publicist, evolutionary paleontologist
Heidelberg
December 15/16? 1869
Russian
881
Sofia relates the fate of their friend Zhanna, who has escaped from Russia and is now living with Sofia. At this time, Sofia and Vladimir are studying in different cities.

19 E. A. Lermontova
mother of SVK's friend Iulia Lermontova
Petersburg
October not given 1874
Russian
262
On returning to Petersburg, Sofia writes to Iulia's family asking them to forgive Iulia's staying in Petersburg instead of returning home immediately on arrival in Russia. Iulia is meeting important people including the chemist D.I. Mendeleev who has taken an interest in Iulia's career.

20 V.O. Kovalevsky
Sofia's husband, publicist, evolutionary paleontologist
Palibino
July 18 1875
Russian
391
Sofia writes a touching letter to Vladimir pleading with him (in verse) to join her at the family country home.

21 A.O. Kovalevsky
brother of VOK, embryologist
Petersburg
November 14 1875
1485
Unable to find suitable academic positions, Sofia explains to Vladimir's brother how she and Vladimir came to the decision to put their efforts into speculative business ventures. As they are asking Aleksandr for a loan, Sofia details her thinking on this matter.

22 V.O. Kovalevsky
Sofia's husband, publicist, evolutionary paleontologist
Moscow
February 24 1876
Russian
416
Sofia is caring for her friend Iulia who is suffering from a trying illness.

23 F.M. Dostoevsky
the famous Russian author
Petersburg
not given not given 1876
Russian
164
Letters 23,24,25,26,28,32Sofia maintained a friendly correspondence with Dostoevskii from the time of her sister's romantic involvement with him. In these letters, Sofia requests a favor of Dostoevskii regarding her friend, Vera Goncharova. (The story of Goncharova serves as the basis of Sofia's novella THE NIHILIST GIRL. The novella relates the details of Sofia's life during this period. Sofia has lapsed from mathematical work.) Sofia relates a story idea of hers to F.M. Dostoevskii. She passes on an installment of ANNA KARENINA and presents Dostoevskii with a collection of books published by Vladimir. The last letter is one of condolence to Dostoevskii's widow, AG Dostoevskaia.

24 F. M. Dostoevsky
the famous Russian autho
Petersburg
not given not given 1876-1877
Russian
456
Letters 23,24,25,26,28,32Sofia maintained a friendly correspondence with Dostoevskii from the time of her sister's romantic involvement with him. In these letters, Sofia requests a favor of Dostoevskii regarding her friend, Vera Goncharova. (The story of Goncharova serves as the basis of Sofia's novella THE NIHILIST GIRL. The novella relates the details of Sofia's life during this period. Sofia has lapsed from mathematical work.) Sofia relates a story idea of hers to F.M. Dostoevskii. She passes on an installment of ANNA KARENINA and presents Dostoevskii with a collection of books published by Vladimir. The last letter is one of condolence to Dostoevskii's widow, AG Dostoevskaia.

25 F. M. Dostoevsky
the famous Russian author
Petersburg
not given not given 1876-1877
Russian
72
Letters 23,24,25,26,28,32Sofia maintained a friendly correspondence with Dostoevskii from the time of her sister's romantic involvement with him. In these letters, Sofia requests a favor of Dostoevskii regarding her friend, Vera Goncharova. (The story of Goncharova serves as the basis of Sofia's novella THE NIHILIST GIRL. The novella relates the details of Sofia's life during this period. Sofia has lapsed from mathematical work.) Sofia relates a story idea of hers to F.M. Dostoevskii. She passes on an installment of ANNA KARENINA and presents Dostoevskii with a collection of books published by Vladimir. The last letter is one of condolence to Dostoevskii's widow, AG Dostoevskaia.

26 F.M. Dostoevsky
the famous Russian author
Petersburg
February not given 1876-1877
Russian
100
Letters 23,24,25,26,28,32Sofia maintained a friendly correspondence with Dostoevskii from the time of her sister's romantic involvement with him. In these letters, Sofia requests a favor of Dostoevskii regarding her friend, Vera Goncharova. (The story of Goncharova serves as the basis of Sofia's novella THE NIHILIST GIRL. The novella relates the details of Sofia's life during this period. Sofia has lapsed from mathematical work.) Sofia relates a story idea of hers to F.M. Dostoevskii. She passes on an installment of ANNA KARENINA and presents Dostoevskii with a collection of books published by Vladimir. The last letter is one of condolence to Dostoevskii's widow, AG Dostoevskaia.

27 A. O. Kovalevsky
brother of VOK, embryologist
Petersburg
April-May not given 1877
Russian
517
Sofia relates the progress on the apartment houses she and Vladimir are building. She mentions Sechenov and his recent discoveries in chemistry.

28 F.M. Dostoevsky
the famous Russian author
Petersburg
May not given 1877
Russian
103
Letters 23,24,25,26,28,32Sofia maintained a friendly correspondence with Dostoevskii from the time of her sister's romantic involvement with him. In these letters, Sofia requests a favor of Dostoevskii regarding her friend, Vera Goncharova. (The story of Goncharova serves as the basis of Sofia's novella THE NIHILIST GIRL. The novella relates the details of Sofia's life during this period. Sofia has lapsed from mathematical work.) Sofia relates a story idea of hers to F.M. Dostoevskii. She passes on an installment of ANNA KARENINA and presents Dostoevskii with a collection of books published by Vladimir. The last letter is one of condolence to Dostoevskii's widow, AG Dostoevskaia.

29 A. O. Kovalevsky
brother of VOK, embryologist
Petersburg
January 16 1880
Russian
901
Sofia details the problems with the apartments and bath houses she and Vladimir own. She is insisting Vladimir consult with a "nerve" doctor. Vladimir adds a note that he is looking for some kind of position in business, perhaps with a steamship company.

30 A.O. Kovalevsky
brother of VOK, embryologist
Moscow
October not given 1880
Russian
408
Vladimir is getting a position at Moscow U. as a docent. Sofia and Vladimir continue to pursue business. Sofia applied to take the magisterium exam to gain access to upper level teaching positions. On hearing that many professors at Moscow U. disapprove of women in education and that her efforts would jeopardize Vladimir's appointment, she withdrew her application. Vladimir is frequently out of town on business. Sofia decides to go to Berlin to brush up her math skills with Weierstrass

31 A.O. Kovalevsky
brother of VOK, embryologist
Moscow
October not given 1880
Russian
717
Sofia tries to reapply for the magisterium exam. This time she is refused permission to even attempt the exam. Sofia expresses her frustration as she is well prepared. Local mathematicians have been praising her work, and she has a paper almost ready to present as a magisterium dissertation. She's going to Berlin.

32 A. G. Dostoevskaya
wife of the Russian author FM Dostoevskii
Moscow Petrovsky Line No.9
February 3 1881
Russian
313
Letters 23,24,25,26,28,32Sofia maintained a friendly correspondence with Dostoevskii from the time of her sister's romantic involvement with him. In these letters, Sofia requests a favor of Dostoevskii regarding her friend, Vera Goncharova. (The story of Goncharova serves as the basis of Sofia's novella THE NIHILIST GIRL. The novella relates the details of Sofia's life during this period. Sofia has lapsed from mathematical work.) Sofia relates a story idea of hers to F.M. Dostoevskii. She passes on an installment of ANNA KARENINA and presents Dostoevskii with a collection of books published by Vladimir. The last letter is one of condolence to Dostoevskii's widow, AG Dostoevskaia.

33 Sofie Adelung
SVK's cousin from her mother's side
Moscow
March not given 1881
German
440
Sofia sends autographs from famous scientists and authors. Sofia is again returning to Berlin to work with Weierstrass. She's taking her daughter with her.

34 G. Mittag-Leffler
Swedish mathematician
Berlin
July 7 1881
161
Sofia communicates with G. Mittag-Leffler regarding his efforts to find her a docent position at one of the Scandinavian universities.

35 G. Mittag-Leffler
Swedish mathematician
Berlin
July 8 1881
356
Sofia warns Mittag-Leffler that by supporting her, he may be endangering his academic position. Should he be able to obtain a position of docent for her, she would accept.

36 V. O. Kovalevsky
Sofia's husband, publicist, evolutionary paleontologist
Marienbad. Rudolfshof
August not given 1881
Russian
765
Sofia and Vladimir are clearly on very cold terms. She tries to arrange a meeting with him. She's in Marienbad with the Weierstrasses and relates a meeting with OA Novikova, an intriguing political figure and friend of the powerful politicians the Englishman, Gladstone, and the Russian, Koni.

37 Unknown
Berlin
November 21 1881
316
Sofia discusses her work on refraction of light and her fascination with the problem of the revolution of a solid about a fixed point.

38 A. O. Kovalevsky
brother of VOK, embryologist
Paris
February not given 1882
Russian
330
Sofia writes to her brother-in-law from Paris requesting his aid in caring for her daughter. Sofia is preparing for a position in academics, which she will need to support herself and her child. She working on a mathematical project.

39 G. Folmar
German political activist
Paris
April 2 1882
106
Sofia gives her observations of the Russian emigre community in Paris.

40 G. Folmar
German political activist
Paris
May 4 1882
555
Sofia explains her political position. She speaks briefly of her Commune Years in Paris of 1871. She is lured by the practicality and widely understood nature of political work, as opposed to her own abstract work in science.

41 A. O. Kovalevsky
brother of VOK, embryologist
Paris
St. Mande. Grande Rue, 7 (Pres de Paris)
July 24 1881
458
Sofia plans on sending her daughter to Aleksandr for the winter. Sofia needs to visit Stockholm to be sure it will be an acceptable place for her and her daughter, should she be offered a position there. Sofia has been elected to the Paris math society. Business dealings are not going well. The management of their apartment and bath houses is in the hands of Sofia's brother.

42 G. Folmar
German political activist
Paris
beginning of year beginning of year 1883
253
Sofia relates to Folmar her precarious position in society. She can deal with the implications of her position while in Paris, but fears her position will adversely affect her career in Stockholm.

43 A.V. Jaclard
SVK's sister Aniuta
Paris
June not given 1883
?
516
Sofia is in Paris, she plans on going to Berlin to meet with Weierstrass. She hopes to be in Stockholm the coming winter. Her daughter is being cared for by Alexandr's family. She has visited Aniuta's husband who is living in France. Sofia is very tired, and so distraught that her hair is falling out.

44 G. Mittag-Leffler
Swedish mathematician
Odessa
August 28 1883
500
Sofia has finished one of two math papers she's been working on. She accepts the docent position in Stockholm and expresses gratitude to Stockholm for accepting her. Before coming to Stockholm, she will spend a few months in Berlin observing math docents and practicing delivering papers.

45 A. O. Kovalevsky
brother of VOK, embryologist
Moscow
October not given 1883
Russian
1320
Sofia has gone through Vladimir's papers. She officially clears his name of wrongdoing. She takes charge of his geological collection. She has sold one literary article to a Russian journal and is working on another, a biographical piece on G. Eliot. She has also completed a piece of research on differential equations which she plans to present to her students in Stockholm. Sofia closes with a report on her daughter's health and schooling problems.

46 C.A. Yuryev
founder of the journal Russian Thought
Stockholm
December not given 1883?
Russian
802
Sofia submitted her article on G. Eliot. She describes the opposing intellectual climates of the two Swedish universities, Upsala and Stockholm. She comments on the general political climate of Sweden. New ideas on society and justice are being discussed. A new movement is occurring in Swedish literature lead by Strindberg, Ibsen, and others. She suggests that later in the year she may write an article on the Swedish literary scene.

47 M. V. Mendelson
friend of SVK, Polish revolutionary
Stockholm Kommandorsgatan 10, Hos Fru Vidmark
December 26 1883 ?
514
Sofia sympathizes with political problems Mendelson and her husband are having. Sofia is causing a stir at the conservative Upsala university where she has many enemies. When the students at Upsala announced Sofia's lectures at their meetings, the Upsala professors met and spent an evening blackening Sofia, contesting her scientific qualifications and attributing absurd and monstrous motives for her moving to Stockholm. The King of Sweden is now expressing apprehension that Stockholm U. is too liberal.

48 A. O. Kovalevsky
brother of VOK, embryologist
Stockholm
December not given 1883
Russian
562
Sofia's lectures will begin after New Year. She will have 12 students attending her lectures, every student of higher math at the university will take her course. She's uneasy about giving her first lecture. She's been ill with a fever and loss of sleep. Life in Stockholm is expensive and the language is difficult. She's been well received by Stockholm people.

49 P.L. Lavrov
revolutionary populist, journal editor
Stockholm Kommandorsgatan 10, Hos Fru Vidmark
December not given 1883
Russian
686
Sofia requests information on the Russian revolutionary movement so she can explain it to her Swedish friends who appear sympathetic. Sofia laments the apathetic political climate in Russia as she experienced it on her last visit. She's worried about the fate of the imprisoned writer N.G. Chernyshevskii.

1884
Letter #: 50
To: M.V. Mendelson
Identify: friend of SVK, Polish revolutionary
Place: Stockholm 14 Ostra Hummlegardgatan
Date: January 19 1884
Original Lang:
ApproxWd 1129
Descript: Sofia gives her thoughts on anarchism. She requests copies of a radical journal. She assesses the political climate of Sweden and emphasizes her own strong sympathy with the Poles. Sofia sees her new academic position as opening a path for women. Sofia is starting a new math work which she believes has great potential for winning her a lasting place in math. She estimates this work will take five years. After the work's completion, Sofia would like to relinquish her academic position to another woman
and succumb to her Gypsy nature. Sofia laments the lack of a romantic interest in her life.

51 A.O. Kovalevsky
brother of VOK, embryologist
Stockholm
March beginning of month 1884
Russian
553
Sofia is appointed staff professor at Stockholm U. She describes the university's internal politics. Her supporters were obliged to make a deal to secure her appointment. Her students have presented her with a gift.

52 Teresa Gylden
wife of the Swedish astronomer Hugo Gylden
Moscow
March 21 1884
German
1496
Sofia defends her decision to leave her daughter in Russia for another year. Sofia will be publicly censured for her decision, but she must put her daughter's welfare first. Sofia asks her friend to locate a suitable apartment where Sofia will be able to bring her daughter. Sofia asks that H. Gylden look over a manuscript she's prepared on the ring(s) of Saturn.

53 Mathematician X
German mathematician, name uncertain
Berlin
July 11 1884
German
79
Sofia declines Math X's invitation to an operetta as she must work on math for a Weierstrass meeting.

54 A.O. Kovalevsky
brother of VOK, embryologist
Berlin 1. Askanischer Platz III (S.W.)
July 14 1884
Russian
335
Sofia tells her brother-in-law of her appointment to staff professor at Stockholm University. She will now have a secure income. Her biography and photo are appearing in papers all over Europe. She is working on two math papers she hopes will appear very soon.

55 A.V. Jaclard
SVK's sister Aniuta
Sder-Telje
August VIII 17 1884 ?
403
Sofia asks her sister to visit Stockholm. She describes the city.

56 S.I. Lamansky
friend, business assistant, physicist
Stockholm Villagatan, 18
October X 10 1884
Russian
534
Sofia describes her chaotic life living with the Lefflers while her own apartment is being prepared. She's sent a math work to the typesetters. She offers financial help to her brother who she hears is in debt. Vladimir's scientific engravings are being sent to her from Russia, along with her personal collection of books.She is submitting an article to a Russian literary journal.

1885

57 M.V. Mendelson
friend of SVK, Polish revolutionary
Dyufed D]fed
July end of month 1885 ?
507
Sofia has been touring Norway. She's visited a school for peasants established by a Norwegian socialist. She's concerned with the fate of her political friends in Warsaw and in Germany. She will join her daughter, who is in Russia, then return with her daughter to Stockholm.

58 Yu. V. Lermontova
SVK's friend, chemist
Stockholm
September not given 1885
Russian.
732
Sofia responds to Iulia's insistence that they cannot live together. Sofia describes the office she has created for herself in her new apartment. She inquires about an article of hers that she expects to appear in a Russian literary journal.

59 Mathematician X
German mathematician, name uncertain
Stockholm
September not given 1885
118
Sofia complains that daily affairs keep interrupting her work on Abelian functions.

60 Mathematician X
German mathematician, name uncertain
Stockholm
November 9 1885
174
Sofia is now lecturing in mechanics as well as mathematics. This situation is not expected to continue for more than two years.

1886
61 M.V. Mendelson
friend of SVK, Polish revolutionary
Stockholm 18 Villagatan
January 25 1886
?
456
Sofia tries to discourage Mendelson from illegally entering Russia to do political work.

62 A. Ch. Leffler
sister of Mittag-Leffler, author, literary collaborator of SVK, Swedish friend
Stockholm
Spring not given 1886
146
Sofia charmingly declines an invitation for an outing by describing a haunting by her scholarly German grandfather on her mother's side and her Gypsy grandmother on her father's side. The spirits struggle for control of Sofia.

63 Mathematician X
German mathematician, name uncertain
Stockholm
March 8 1886
160
Sofia has been invited to a court ball. She enjoys horseback riding and skating. She expects one of her math works will soon be published.

64 M.V. Mendelson
friend of SVK, Polish revolutionary
Stockholm
September not given 1886
?
602
Sofia describes her own character. She is on her way to a conference in England. She is bored with Stockholm.

65 Teresa Gylden
wife of the Swedish astronomer Hugo Gylden
Moscow
December not given 1886
?
186 Sofia describes her visit to her terminally ill sister. Sofia is very depressed.

66 S Vl Kovalevskaia
SVK's daughter Fufa
Moscow
December not given 1886
Russian
157
Sofia asks her daughter how she liked her Christmas presents. Sofia tries to reassure her daughter that her aunt is well cared for.

1887
67 S. Adelung
SVK's cousin from her mother's side
Stockholm Shturegatan 56
December 11 1887
553
Adelung has written several children's books. Sofia asks for the titles. Sofia describes her own just completed play. Sofia emphasizes that her main work is in mathematics. She hopes to finish her latest mathematical work in spring. Sofia expresses concern her daughter is losing some of her Russian language skills.

1888

68 A. Ch. Leffler
sister of Mittag-Leffler, author, literary collaborator of SVK, Swedish friend
Stockholm
January not given 1888
181
Sofia's friend Nordenskjold is planning an expedition to Greenland. Sofia regrets his leaving.

69 M.M. Kovalevsky
sociologist, lawyer, historian
Stockholm
February not given 1888
80
Sofia invites the visiting scholar to call on her.

70 A. Ch. Leffler
sister of Mittag-Leffler, author, literary collaborator of SVK, Swedish friend
Stockholm
March not given 1888
?
775
Sofia tells of her new romantic interest, Maksim.

1889

71 P.L. Chebyshev
Russian mathematician
Paris
March 16/28 1889
333
Sofia explains she has taken leave of her university position for the winter. Chebyshev has sent her an article for ACTA and will soon send another.She reports she's received the Prix Borden. She frequently sees Hermite and Bertrand and mentions that Poincare and Appelle have received the prize of King Oscar.

72 Mathematician X
German mathematician, name uncertain
Paris
March 20 1889
236
Sofia was exhausted. She rested during the winter in Nice and now feels healthy and ready for work. She is starting a new piece of research in mechanics. She sends greeting to his children and relates that Fufa has spent the winter in Stockholm.

73 M.M. Kovalevsky
sociologist, lawyer, historian
Paris
May not given 1889
359
Sofia has read Maksim's lecture to be published in Sweden. She relates the petty politics of the emigre circle in Paris regarding the Russian writer, Shchedrin.

74 A. I. Kosich
SVK's distant relative, governor of Saratov, one time suitor of Aniuta
Stockholm
October not given 1889
183
Sofia has received some hints that a position may be available for her in Russia. She would like to return home, however she is concerned that her political views will cause trouble. She feels more secure in Sweden.

75 A.I Kosich
Sofia's distant relative, governor of Saratov, one time suitor of Aniuta
Stockholm
November not given 1889
106
Sofia has been elected corresponding member of Petersburg Academy of Sciences. She sees this as a step to full membership.

76 Yu. V. Lermontova
SVK's friend, chemist
Stockholm
November 20 1889
320
Sofia encourages her lifetime friend who is experiencing some money difficulties. Sofia would like Iulia to spend more time in Sweden.

1890
77 K.S. Veselovsky
Secretary Peters. Academy of Sciences
Stockholm
February 11/23 1890
118
Sofia formally accepts her election to Petersburg Academy of Sciences.

78 Yu. V. Lermontova
SVK's friend, chemist
Stockholm
March not given 1890
150
Sofia expects her RECOLLECTIONS will soon appear in a Russian journal. She relates the personal happiness of a mutual friend.

79 Yu. V. Lermontova
SVK's friend, chemist
Bonn
June 24 1890
317
Sofia is traveling through Germany, Switzerland and Italy with Maksim. She is very happy now, but doesn't want to think about her future. In order to avoid gossip, she is traveling incognito.

80 S. Vl. Kovalevskaia
SVK's daughter called Fufa
Tarasp ?
July not given 1890
341
Sofia is doing no studying this summer. She misses her daughter who has spent the summer in Russia with Iulia.

81 S.I. Lamansky
friend, business assistant, physicist
Itay, Bellagio, Hotel Genazzini
July not given 1890
222
Sofia requests copies of two Russian literary journals. She also asks for copies of reviews of her RECOLLECTIONS. She has written a piece on the peasant university she visited in Sweden.

82 A. N. Pypin
literary critic and historian
Stockholm
September IX 29/17 1890
258
Sofia is up to her ears in work. She's gotten some fan mail for RECOLLECTIONS. She plans on writing a sequel telling of her student years. The sequel will be finished in a few months. Because of demands in her personal life, she can make no certain travel plans.

83 M.V. Mendelson
friend of SVK, Polish revolutionary
Stockholm 56 Sturegatan
October 7 1890
899
Sofia discusses her literary works (RECOLLECTIONS, NIHILIST GIRL, THE NIHILIST) and their translation into various European languages. She expresses concern for her friend's dangerous political position. Sofia mentions her acceptance speech before Petersburg Academy of Sciences.

84 B.B. Glinsky
secretary of the journal Northern Messenger
Stockholm Sturegatan 56
October 24/12 1890
1199
Sofia reviews the Scandinavian literary scene. She recommends the writers: Edgren, Strindberg, and Ahlgren. Strindberg and Ahlgren would be especially suited to Russian translation. Sofia suggests writing a series of articles on Swedish literature for the Russian journal.

85 A.S. Shabelskaia
aka AS Montvid, author
Stockholm
Autumn not given 1890
264
Sofia writes a beautifully insightful and poetic short piece on her ability to work in both mathematics and literature.

86 B.B. Glinsky
secretary of the journal Northern Messenger
Stockholm 56 Sturegatan
November 20/8 1890
238
Sofia asks about her acquaintance Chekhov. She's gotten good reviews on RECOLLECTIONS. She comments on the censorship of her last article.

87 Mathematician X
German mathematician, name uncertain
Bolie ??
December not given 1890
113 A short note saying she hopes to see him when she gets to Berlin.

88 G. Mittag-Leffler
Swedish mathematician
Stockholm
February 7 1891
136
Sofia is ill and asks Mittag-Leffler to send a doctor.Sofia Vasilievna Kovalevskaia nee Korvin-Krukovskaia died on February 10,1891.